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Relevance of acoustic methods to quantifiy bedload transport and bedform dynamics in a large sandy-gravel-bed river

1. Introduction
2. Study site
3. Material and methods
3.1. Bedload rates obtained using pressure-difference samplers
3.2. Apparent bedload velocity from aDcp
3.3. Bathymetrical echosounding and dune tracking method
3.4. Hydrophone and acoustic power
4. Results
4.1. Comparison between acoustics and direct bedload transport rate measurements
4.2. Spatial distribution of bedload in a sandy-bed river with migrating bedforms
5. Discussion
5.1. Relevance of acoustics for computing bedload transport rates
5.2. Hydrophone and aDcp sensitivity to bedform observations
6. Conclusions